WORD MEANING 1
About
Dictionary
v A
dictionary is a central part of the description of any language.
v A
good ordinary household dictionary typically gives (at least) three kinds of
information about word:
a.
Phonological information about how the
word is pronounced.
b.
Grammatical information about its part
of speech (e.g. noun, verb)
c.
Inflection (e.g. for plural or past
tense)
v A
dictionary tells you what words means.
v The
semantics dictionary writer’s main interest is the sense relations between
predicates.
v Makna
kata dalam sebuah bahasa saling berhubungan. Hubungan inilah yang disebut
relasi makna (sense relation).
v Sense
relation:
a.
Homonymy is the words that have same
phonetics form but different meaning.
e.g. Tale & Tail
There are two kinds of
Homonymy:
a.
Homograph is the word that has same
writing but different meaning.
e.g.
well (baik) & well (sumur)
bank (financial institution) & bank
(riverside)
b.
Homphony is the word that has the same
pronunciation but different meaning & written form.
e.g. night
(malam) & knight (ksatria)
would & wood
meat & meet
right & write
c.
Hyponymy is a relation between two words
in which the meaning of one of the words includes the meaning of the other
word.
(Hubungan antara kata yang umum dengan
kata yang lebih khusus)
e.g. There is a horse à
There is an animal.
d. Polysemy
is a word having two or more meaning.
Matthew
à
sebuah kata yang mempunyai dua relasi makna/lebih (maknanya saling berkaitan).
e.g.
cinema screen, television screen.
v Differences
between Polysemy & Homonymy
a. Jika
kata tersebut polisemi, maknanya diikutkan secara berturut-turut.
e.g. kepala (1) = bagian tubuh dari leher
ke atas
kepala (2) = bagian suatu yang
terletak di atas
kepala (3) = pemimpin atau ketua
è Badan
à
badan usaha, badan hokum, badan pengawas
è Kepala
à
kepala surat, kepala sekolah
è Mata
à
mata pelajaran, mata air, mata angin
b. Sedangkan
jika tergolong homonym, kata tersebut diberi tempat yang masing-masing
terpisah.
e.g. bank (1) = financial institution
bank (2) = riverside
è I’ll
meet you in the bank, in front of the automated teller machine.
è I’ll
meet you in the bank, we can go swimming.
Meaning Postulates
v Meaning
Postulate is a formula expressing some aspect of the sense of a predicate.
v It
can be read as a proposition necessarily true by virtue of the meaning of the
particular predicates involved.
v Postulate
is something accepted as truth and used as the basic for an argument or theory.
v Postulate
is defined as to claim, demand or assert something as truth.
e.g. MAN (1) One-place
synonym of
HUMAN BEING
MAN (2) One-place
Hyponym of
MALE
Hyponym of
ADULT
Hyponym of
HUMAN BEING
WOMAN One-place
Hyponym of FEMALE
Hyponym of
ADULT
Hyponym of
HUMAN BEING
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